Which gate is this AND, OR, NOR?

Which gate is this AND, OR, NOR?

An idealized computing model or actual electrical instrument performing a Boolean function, a logical operation on one or more binary inputs that produces a single binary output, is a logic gate. The phrase may refer to a logic gate, which has for example zero-rise-times and limitless output or a non-ideal physical device, depending on the context.

Logic gates are usually used using diodes or electrical transistors but may be built by vacuum tubes, fluidic logic, electromagnetic relays, optics, pneumatic logic, molecules, and even mechanical components.Amplification allows the development of a physical model of all of the Boolean logic, and therefore all of the algorithms and mathematics that can be represented using Boolean logic, in the same manner, that Boolean functions may be constructed.Multiplexers, registers, arithmetic logic units (ALUs), and computer memory are all examples of logic circuits, as are full microprocessors, which can have over 100 million gates. MOSFETs (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors) are used to make most gates nowadays.

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (published in 1705) developed the binary number system, which was influenced by the ancient I Ching’s binary system. The binary system, according to Leibniz, united the concepts of arithmetic and logic.

Charles Sanders Peirce demonstrated how electrical switching circuits may perform logical processes in an 1886 letter. Vacuum tubes eventually took the place of relays in logic processes. The Fleming valve, modified by Lee De Forest in 1907, can be used as a logic gate. In his Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, Ludwig Wittgenstein proposed a variant of the 16-row truth table as a statement. Walther Bothe, the creator of the coincidence circuit, was awarded a portion of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1954 for inventing the first modern electronic AND gate in 1924. For his computer Z1,Konrad Zuse conceived and manufactured electromechanical logic gates (from 1935 to 1938).In a series of articles published between 1934 and 1936, NEC engineers Akira Nakashima, Claude Shannon, and Viktor Shetakov demonstrated that two-valued Boolean algebra, which they independently developed, can explain the functioning of switching circuits. The essential principle that underpins all-electronic digital computers is the use of this characteristic of electrical switches to implement logic.Bell Labs engineers Mohamed M. Atalla and DawonKahng demonstrated metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) devices in the form of PMOS and NMOS in 1960. Chih-Tang Sah and Frank Wanlass of Fairchild Semiconductor eventually integrated and modified both kinds into complementary MOS (CMOS) logic in 1963. Molecular logic gates are the subject of active study.

AND, OR, XOR, NOT, NAND, NOR, and XNOR are the seven fundamental logic gates.

AND: The AND gate is a simple digital logic gate that performs mathematical logic’s logical conjunction – it acts as highlighted in the truth table below. Only if all of the AND gate’s inputs are HIGH does it produce a HIGH output (1). If none of the AND gate’s inputs are HIGH, the output is LOW. Any number of inputs can be added to the function.

OR: The OR gate is a digital logic gate which performs logical disjunction from mathematical logic, behaving as shown in the truth table. If one or both of the gate’s inputs are HIGH, the result is a HIGH output (1).  If neither signal is high, the result is a LOW output (0). In another sense, the OR function essentially seeks the maximum between two binary digits, just like the complementary AND function does.

XOR: When the number of true inputs is odd, an XOR gate is utilized to generate a true (1 or HIGH) output. In an XOR gate, a true output is produced if just one of the gate’s inputs is true. A false output is generated when both inputs are false (0/LOW) or both are true.

NOR: The NOR gate is a digital logic gate that performs logical NOR; it performs in accordance with the truth table presented. If both inputs to the gate are LOW (0), a HIGH output (1) is produced; if one or both inputs are HIGH (1), a LOW output (0) is produced. The negation of the OR operator results in NOR. It may also be thought of as the inverse of an AND gate in certain ways. NOR is a functionally complete operation, meaning that any logical function can be generated by combining NOR gates. This is a characteristic that it shares with the NAND gate. The OR operator, on the other hand, is monotonic since it can only transform LOW to HIGH and not the other way around.

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